ISO 27001

ISO 27001 Annex : A.10 Cryptography

ISO 27001 Annex : A.10 Cryptography in this article explaining Cryptographic controls, Policy on the Utilization of Cryptographic Controls & Key Management.

A.10.1 Cryptographic controls

Its objective is to ensure the proper and efficient use of cryptography to protect the confidentiality, authenticity and/or integrity of the information.

A.10.1.1 Policy on the Utilization of Cryptographic Controls

Control- A policy on the use of cryptographic controls to secure information should be developed and enforced.

Implementation Guidance- The following should be considered when designing a cryptographic policy:

  1. A management guide to the use of cryptographic controls across the organization, including the general principles by which business information should be protected;
  2. Based on the risk assessment, the necessary level of security should be calculated taking into account the type, strength, and quality of the encryption algorithm necessary;
  3. Usage of encryption to secure information transported by mobile or portable media devices or through communication lines;
  4. Approach to key management, including strategies for coping with the security of cryptographic keys and the recovery of encrypted information in the event of missing, corrupted or damaged keys;
  5. Roles and responsibilities, e.g. for who is responsible for whom
     Implementing policy
    – key management including quality generation;
  6. The standards to be followed in the organization for successful implementation (which solution for which business processes are used);
  7. The effect of encrypted information on controls that rely on content validation (e.g. malware detection).

When enforcing the cryptographic policy of the organization, consideration should be given to regulations and national restrictions that may relate to the use of cryptographic techniques in different parts of the world and to issues relating to the trans-border flow of encrypted information.

Related Product : ISO 27001 Lead Auditor Training And Certification ISMS

Specific information security goals can be accomplished by cryptographic control, e.g.

  • Confidentiality: use of information encryption to secure confidential or vital information, either stored or transmitted;
  • Integrity/authenticity: use digital signatures or message authentication codes to check the authenticity or integrity of confidential or vital information stored or transmitted;
  • Non-repudiation: use of cryptographic techniques to provide evidence of an occurrence or non- occurrence
  • Authentication: Use of cryptographic techniques to authentically request access to or transactions with users, entities, and resources of systems.

Cryptography is the ultimate form of non-violent direct action
-Julian Assange

Other Information- Making a judgment as to whether a cryptographic solution is suitable can be seen as part of the broader risk assessment and control selection process. This assessment would then be used to decide if cryptographic control is sufficient, what form of control should be used, and for what function and business processes.

A policy on the use of cryptographic controls is important to optimize the benefits and reduce the risks associated with the use of cryptographic techniques and to prevent inappropriate or incorrect use. Expert consultation should be taken into consideration in selecting suitable cryptographic controls to meet the objectives of the information security policy.

The Organization aims to keep its information within the triads of the CIA . They also ensure the proper and efficient use of cryptography to protect the confidentiality, authenticity and/or integrity of the information and information processing facilities. Annex 10 discusses the cryptographic controls and policies for those controls that an organization should maintain and implement over their entire life cycle. This famous certification of Lead Auditor and Lead Implementer covers all annexes to information security. Infosavvy , a Mumbai-based institute, offers certifications and training for multiple-domain-like management of information security, cybersecurity, and many others, including the IRCA CQI ISO 27001:2013 Lead Auditor (LA) and ISO 27001 Lead Implementer (LI) (TÜV SÜD Certification). This certification covers various audits that an organization should perform to keep it away from the intended destructor. Infosavvy will help you understand and define the full scope of your organization’s cybersecurity posture which is essential to protect your company’s business against breaches. We have trainers who are well-qualified and experienced with adequate training and know-how to ensure the effective management of information security. This will help the applicant gain the requisite skills to conduct the ISMS audit using commonly accepted auditing concepts, procedures, and techniques.

Also Read : ISO 27001 Annex : A.9.4.4 Use of Privileged Utility Programs & A.9.4.5 Access Control to Program Source Code

A.10.1.2 Key Management

Control- A policy on the use, security, and lifetime of cryptographic keys should be created and enforced over their entire life cycle.

Implementation Guidance- The policy should provide criteria for handling cryptographic keys over their entire life cycle, including generating, processing, archiving, retrieving, transmitting, removing, and destroying keys.

Cryptographic algorithms, primary lengths, and implementation methods should be chosen in line with best practice. Appropriate key management includes safe processes for generating, processing, archiving, retrieving, transmitting, removing and destroying cryptographic keys.
All cryptographic keys should be safe against change and loss. In addition, confidential and private keys require protection against unauthorized use as well as disclosure. The equipment used for generating, processing, and archiving keys should be physically secured.

Read More : https://www.info-savvy.com/iso-27001-annex-a-10-cryptography/


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ISO 27001

ISO 27001 Annex : A.9.2.3 Management of Privileged Access Rights & A.9.2.4 Management of Secret Authentication Information of Users

ISO 27001 Annex : A.9.2.3 Management of Privileged Access Rights & A.9.2.4 Management of Secret Authentication Information of Users these two topic is explained in this article.

A.9.2.3 Management of Privileged Access Rights

Control- A.9.2.3 Management of Privileged Access Rights The allocation and usage of exclusive access privileges will be limited and controlled.

Implementation guidance- A structured authorizing procedure in accordance with the appropriate access management policies should monitor the allocation and usage of delegated access privileges.

Following steps should be taken into consideration:

  1. The privileges of access associated with each system or process, e.g. The operating system, the database management system and each application and the users to whom they need to be assigned should be identified;
  2. Preferential access privileges would be assigned to users on a need-to-use basis and on an event-to-event basis in accordance with the Access Management Policy, i.e. based on the necessary criteria for their functional roles.
  3. The authorization and the record of all assigned privileges should be maintained. Privileged access should not be issued until the authorization process has been completed;
  4. The conditions for the expiry of the privilege of access rights should be defined;
  5. The privilege of access rights should be assigned to a user ID different from those used for normal business activities. Regular business activities should not be carried out with a privileged ID;
  6. The competences of users with privileged access rights should be reviewed on a regular basis in order to verify that they comply with their duties;
  7. Specific procedures should be defined and maintained in order to prevent unauthorized use of generic user IDs according to system configuration capabilities,
  8. In the case of generic user IDs, the confidentiality of secret authentication information should be maintained when shared (e.g. changing passwords frequently and as soon as possible when a privileged user leaves or changes jobs, communicating them to privileged users with appropriate mechanisms).

Treat your password like your toothbrush, Don’t let anybody else use it and get a new one after every six months. -Clifford Stoll

Other Information- A significant contributor to failures and breaches of systems is the improper use of system administrator privileges (any information system function or facility that enables the user to bypass system or application control).

Related Product : ISO 27001 Lead Auditor Training And Certification ISMS

A.9.2.4 Management of Secret Authentication Information of Users

Control- A structured management process should control the allocation of secret authentication information.

Implementation Guidance- Following requirements should be included in the Process:

1) Users will sign a declaration to preserve sensitive personal secret authentication details and to hold mutual (that is, shared) sensitive authentication information strictly inside the group members; this signed agreement can be included in the terms and conditions of employment;

2) When users are required to maintain their own secret authentication information, secure secret authentication information should originally be provided to them that they must change for the first time;

3) Procedures for verifying the identity of the user should be established prior to the provision of new, replacement or temporary secret authentication information;

4) Temporary secret authentication information should be given to users in a safe manner; the use of third parties or insecure (clear text) e-mail messages should be avoided;

Also Read : ISO 27001 Annex : A.9.2 User Access Management

5) The details on temporary secret authentication should be unique and not guessable to a person;

6) Users will acknowledge receipt of information on secret authentication;

7) Upon activation of systems or applications, the default vendor secret authenticationdetails should be altered.

Other Information- Passwords are a common type of information for secret authentication and are a common way to verify the user’s identity. Other types of hidden authentication information are encryption keys and data stored on hardware tokens (e.g. smart cards).

Read More : https://www.info-savvy.com/iso-27001-annex-a-9-2-3-a-9-2-4/


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